Guru Arjan Dev's martyrdom is a significant event in Sikh history, marking the first instance of a Sikh Guru being martyred. He was executed by the Mughal Emperor Jahangir for refusing to convert to Islam and for allegedly supporting a rebellion. Guru Arjan was known for compiling the Sri Guru Granth Sahib, the sacred scripture of Sikhism, and for his teachings on humility and divine message.